The major peculiarity (and ``crux" for the tagging) is that
adjectives can have the function of adverbs: andare forte, parlare
veloce. This causes a lot of confusion phenomena (see below).
The following are the features in common between adjectives and
adverbs:
- adjectives modify nouns, uomo forte; adverbs modify verbs,
correre forte.
- adjectives have the degree, buono/migliore/ottimo; adverbs
have the degree, bene/meglio/benissimo.
- both undergo alteration: bene/benino/benone, buono,
buonetto.
The other significant transcategorizations are among
adverb/conjunction/preposition (see below). The differences among these
PoS are linked to syntactic structures:
- adposition (preposition): the argument is an NP;
- conjunction: the sentence introduced is in dependency
relation with the governing predicate;
- adverb: it semantically modifies the whole sentence and the predicate in
particular.
Conjunction: Ti sentirai tranquillo, dopo aver sostenuto
l'esame
Preposition: Ti sentirai tranquillo dopo
l'esame
Adverb: Sostenuto l'esame, dopo ti sentirai tranquillo
In some recent linguistic theories, all these elements go into the wider
class of ``connettivi" (connectives), which link various parts of text
(Berretta 1984).
Confusions can be made between the values
adverb and noun,
adverb and adjective,
adverb and pronoun,
adverb and determiner,
adverb and conjunction,
adverb and adposition.
pos=pron, type=int | pos=adv | ||
D e s c r i p t i o n | E x a m p l e | D e s c r i p t i o n | E x a m p l e |
pronoun | quanto/pron, type=int ne vuoi? | adverb | strillava quanto/adv poteva |
pos=pron, type=excl | pos=adv | ||
D e s c r i p t i o n | E x a m p l e | D e s c r i p t i o n | E x a m p l e |
pronoun | quanto/pron, type=excl pretendi! | adverb | strillava quanto/adv poteva |
pos=det, type=int | pos=adv | ||
D e s c r i p t i o n | E x a m p l e | D e s c r i p t i o n | E x a m p l e |
determiner | quanto/det, type=int denaro vuoi? | adverb | strillava quanto/adv poteva |
pos=det, type=indf | pos=adv | ||
D e s c r i p t i o n | E x a m p l e | D e s c r i p t i o n | E x a m p l e |
det indf | poca/det, type=indf gente sa la verita' | adverb | ho dormito poco/adv |
pos=det, type=excl | pos=adv | ||
D e s c r i p t i o n | E x a m p l e | D e s c r i p t i o n | E x a m p l e |
det excl | quanto/det, type=excl sgomento sul tuo volto! | adverb | strillava quanto/adv poteva |
pos=adv | pos=adpos | ||
D e s c r i p t i o n | E x a m p l e | D e s c r i p t i o n | E x a m p l e |
adverb | sostenuto l'esame, dopo/adv ti sentirai tranquillo | adposition | dopo/adpos l'esame, ti sentirai meglio |