It has to be said that not all the values listed for the feature Tense are applied to all the values of Mood. The table below represents the constraints on the application of the values of Tense to Mood in Italian. Note that, if a value of Tense is applied to a value of Mood, but is expressed by a compound form, this is noted with `(cmpd)'. All details about compound forms are given below.
Finiteness | finite | non-finite | ||||||
Verb-form/Mood | indic | subj | condit | imper | inf | part | ger | |
Tense | pres | amo | ami | amerei | ama | amare | amante | amando |
impf | amavo | amassi | ||||||
fut | amero' | |||||||
past | amai +(cmpd) | (cmpd) | (cmpd) | (cmpd) | amato | (cmpd) | ||
Considerations about the meaning of past in Italian have to be added: past corresponds here to passato remoto.
A problematic aspect of Tense, that of simple tenses and compound tenses, and the connected difference in requirements for corpora and lexica, has already been dealt with in the general section of comments on the table for verbs. We give here the list of permitted auxiliary-past participle combinations in Italian, in order to obtain compound tenses.
Auxiliary | Past participle | Compound tense | It. example |
indic pres | past participle | passato prossimo | ho amato |
indic impf | past participle | trapassato prossimo | avevo amato |
indic past | past participle | trapassato remoto | ebbi amato |
indic fut | past participle | futuro anteriore | avro' amato |
subj pres | past participle | congiuntivo passato | abbia amato |
subj impf | past participle | congiuntivo trapassato | avessi amato |
cond pres | past participle | condizionale passato | avrei amato |
inf pres | past participle | infinito passato | avere amato |
ger pres | past participle | gerundio passato | avendo amato |